аЯрЁБс>ўџ 8:ўџџџ7џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅСq П|bjbjt+t+ &$AAzџџџџџџ]n n n n n n n ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ 8К Ц ‚ й#іц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ž# # # # # # #$Я$єУ&ŽФ#n ц ц ц ц ц Ф# n n ц ц ц ц n ц n ц ž#‚ ‚ n n n n ц ž# H Tњ”рn n ž#ц к -юdіС‚ ‚ № t#*The Doha Development Agenda and Beyond Functioning and Financing of the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ Tuesday 30 April: 15.00 to 17.30 Moderator: Clayton Yeutter — Hogan & Hartson Discussants: Mike Moore – Director-General, АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ Arthur Dunkel - former GATT Director-General H.E. Edwin Laurent - Ambassador, Eastern Caribbean States Mission to the EU H.E. Kхre Bryn - Ambassador of Norway in Geneva Stuart Harbinson - Permanent Representative to the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China Luis de la Calle - former Under-Secretary, Mexican Ministry of the Economy Rashid Kaukab - South Centre, Geneva H.E. K.M. Chandrasekhar - Ambassador, Permanent Mission of India to the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ H.E. Carlo Trojan - Ambassador, Permanent Mission of the European Commission to the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ Summary Report: The objective of the meeting was to discuss the institutional challenges facing the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ. Discussion focused mainly on decision-making, internal transparency and participation, external transparency and finally, the adequacy of human and financial resources at the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ. There was a wide ranging debate on whether, with a vastly enlarged and growing membership, it was still feasible for the multilateral trading system to operate on the basis of consensus decision-making. A number of panelists held the strong view that all major decisions, and certainly those involving rights and obligations of Members, should be taken by consensus. This had become more important given the legally binding character of АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ decisions and the automaticity of dispute settlement. It was suggested that although consensus can be difficult to reach and can take time, it is much stronger once achieved. It also forces all countries to make compromises. Moreover good progress continued to be made on the basis of consensus as witnessed by the agreement on a work programme for new negotiations and the Declaration on TRIPS and Health. Some panellists suggested, however, that voting arrangements or rules could be useful for some very specific and purely procedural or administrative matters such as the selection of the Director-General and of Chairpersons and the derestriction of documents. Debates on procedural issues were often more time-consuming than those on substance, and unfortunately were often linked to substantive discussions, threatening paralysis. A number of suggestions were made as to how the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ might improve its working procedures. It was noted that some informal ground rules for consultations were established in the aftermath of the Seattle Ministerial Conference and that these should be further refined and codified. These included: announcing consultations in small groups; requests by Members to be included in such consultations; sharing information of such consultations in open-ended meetings and that decisions should only be taken in open-ended meetings. It was suggested that the Director-General should have more room for manoeuvre in the areas of management and arbitration and in policy initiatives. Thought could also be given to how to make technical adaptations to rules outside of negotiations to reflect market developments. Decision-making could also be facilitated by narrowing the scope of issues that need approval by the General Council and by referring to Ministers those issues which could not be resolved in Geneva. There was discussion on the merits of resuscitating the Consultative Group of 18 – a forum for exchange of views on АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ matters but not linked to rule-making. The CG 18 format would comprise officials from capitals. It was also predicted that as import duties become lower, it would be more difficult for negotiations to take place in the form of АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ Rounds and that the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ would become more of a permanent negotiating body. Attention was drawn to the different capacities of Members to participate in the work of the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ and to attend all АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ meetings - a particular concern for Members without offices in Geneva. Technical assistance, although necessary, did not always provide the answer. It was suggested, however, that things had improved. A number of suggestions were put forward including the idea that developing countries would benefit from working more closely together, that for some decisions procedures could be simplified; that consensus should be redefined to mean active rather than passive consensus and that creative efforts, like the establishment of the Advisory Centre on АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ Law, should be considered to make dispute settlement procedures more useable and accessible to developing countries. With respect to questions of external transparency, a number of panelists felt that direct NGO participation in АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ work and in particular in the dispute settlement process would be dangerous as it would favour the politically powerful and rich - NGOs should work through their capitals. It was also pointed out that the legally binding nature of the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ is one of the reasons that countries view NGO participation differently than other organisations. Greater transparency, however, was favoured by a number of the panellists and attention was drawn to the considerable technical expertise of NGOs. It was also suggested that NGOs should seek to build structured relations with the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ in such a way that is acceptable to the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ. On resource questions, it was suggested that although more human and financial resources would be helpful, the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ was not suffering from dramatic under-funding and a lot could be achieved by better coordination with other agencies. The greater participation of capital-based officials in the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ's Budget Committee was helpful. It was pointed out that many of the questions facing the АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ today, were also discussed in the GATT and that political will was needed to make progress in these areas. It was also argued that it would be helpful to have a sea-change in АФУХСљКЯВЪЙйЭјзЪСЯ vocabulary and mentality – with more talk of the benefits of trade and less focus on concessions made. Lp| Ў|§§§§5'(MNop|Ÿ ЎбШї%&Ш Ъ 4 5 (дея№ќќќќќњїђїїђђђђњњњњњњњњњњњњњњ$„Х$$'(MNop|Ÿ ЎбШї%&Ш Ъ 4 5 (дея№бвxz{|ў$№бвxz{|§§§§§§§§$А‚. АЦA!А "А # $ %ААаА 7 [4@ёџ4Normal $ ЦаCJmH F"F Heading 1$ & F6Є№@& Ца5;D2D Heading 2$ & F6Є№@& Ца:DBD Heading 3$ & F6Є№@& Ца5@R@ Heading 4$ & F6Є№@& Ца@ђ@ Heading 5 & F6Є№@& Ца6.. Heading 6 Є№@&.. Heading 7 Є№@&<A@ђџЁ<Default Paragraph Font8Bђ8 Body Text & F6Є№ Цh4T4 Block Text„ „ Є№6P6 Body Text 2  & F6Є№6Q"6 Body Text 3  & F6Є№6ў26 Body Text 4  & F6Є№4+B4 Endnote Text$CJ8&@ЂQ8Footnote ReferenceH*6b6 Footnote Text„аCJ* *Index 1 „н„#џ.!r. 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